OCR GCSE Computer Science SyllabusPapers 1.1 Systems architecture 1.1.1 The purpose of the CPU 1.1.2 Von Neumann architecture: 1.1.3 MAR (Memory Address Register) MDR (Memory Data Register) Program Counter, Accumulator 1.1.4 Common CPU components and their function: ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit), 1.1.5 The function of the CPU as fetch and execute instruc ons stored in memory 1.1.6 How common characteristics of CPUs affect their performance clock speed, 1.1.7 Embedded systems purpose of embedded systems 1.2 Memory 1.2.1 Diference between RAM and ROM 1.2.2 Purpose of ROM in a computer system 1.2.3 Purpose of RAM in a computer system 1.2.4 The need for virtual memory 1.2.5 Cash memory. 1.3 Storage 1.3.1 The need for secondary storage 1.3.2 Data capacity and calculation of data capacity requirements 1.3.3 Common types of storage optical, 1.3.4 Suitable storage devices and storage media for a given application The advantages and disadvantages of these using characteristics:, 1.4 Wired and wireless networks 1.4.1 Types of networks: LAN (Local Area Network) , 1.4.2 Factors that affect the performance of networks 1.4.3 Different roles of computers in a client-server and a peer-to-peer network 1.4.4 Hardware needed to connect stand-alone computers into a Local Area Network: wireless access points, 1.4.5 The internet as a worldwide collec on of computer networks: DNS (Domain Name Server), 1.4.6 Virtual networks. 1.5 Network topologies, protocols and layers 1.5.1 Star and mesh network topologies 1.5.2 Wifi : frequency and channels, 1.5.3 The uses of IP addressing, MAC addressing 1.5.4 Protocols, including: TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol), 1.5.5 Ethernet 1.5.6 The concept of layers 1.5.7 Packet switching. 1.6 System security 1.6.1 Forms of attack 1.6.2 Threats posed to networks: malware, 1.6.3 Identifying and preventing vulnerabilities: penetration testing, 1.7 Systems software 1.7.1 The purpose and functionality of systems software 1.7.2 Operating systems: user interface, 1.7.3 Utility system software: encryption software, 1.8 Ethical, legal, cultural and environmental concerns 1.8.1 How to inves gate and discuss Computer Science technologies while considering: ethical issues, 1.8.2 How key stakeholders are a ected by technologies 1.8.3 Environmental impact of Computer Science 1.8.4 Cultural implications of Computer Science 1.8.5 Open source vs proprietary software 1.8.6 Legislation relevant to Computer Science: The Data Protection Act 1998, 2.1 Algorithms 2.1.1 Computational thinking: 2.1.2 Abstraction decomposition algorithmic thinking 2.1.3 Standard searching algorithms: binary search, 2.1.4 Standard sortng algorithms: bubble sort, 2.1.5 How to produce algorithms pseudocode, 2.1.6 Interpret, correct or complete algorithms. 2.2 Programming techniques 2.2.1 Variables, constants, operators, inputs, outputs and assignments 2.2.2 The three basic programming constructs used to control the flow of a program: sequence, 2.2.3 Basic string manipulation 2.2.4 Basic file handling operations open, 2.2.5 Use of records to store data 2.2.6 Use of SQL to search for data 2.2.7 Arrays (or equivalent) when solving problems one dimensional arrays, 2.2.8 Sub programs (functions and procedures) to produce structured code 2.2.9 Data types: integer, 2.2.10 Common arithmetic operators 2.2.11 Common Boolean operators. 2.3 Producing robust programs 2.3.1 Defensive design considerations: input sanitisation/validation, 2.3.2 Maintainability: comments, 2.3.3 The purpose of testing 2.3.4 Types of testing: iterative, 2.3.5 How to identify syntax and logic errors 2.3.6 Selecting and using suitable test data. 2.4 Computational logic 2.4.1 Why data is represented in computer systems in binary form 2.4.2 Simple logic diagrams using the operations AND, OR and NOT 2.4.3 Truth tables 2.4.4 Combining Boolean operators using AND, OR and NOT to two levels 2.4.5 Applying logical operators in appropriate truth tables to solve problems 2.4.6 Applying computing-related mathematics: / + * - ^ MOD DIV 2.5 Translators and facilities of languages 2.5.1 Characteristics and purpose of different levels of programming language "including low level languages " 2.5.2 The purpose of translators 2.5.3 The characteristics of an assembler, a compiler and an interpreter 2.5.4 Common tools and facili es available in an integrated development environment (IDE): editors, 2.6 Data representation 2.6.1 Units Bit, 2.6.2 Conversions how data needs to be converted into a binary format to be processed by a computer. 2.6.3 Numbers: how to convert positive denary whole numbers (0_255) into 8 bit binary numbers and vice versa 2.6.4 Numbers: how to add two 8 bit binary integers and explain overflow errors which may occur 2.6.5 Numbers: binary shifts 2.6.6 Numbers: how to convert positive denary whole numbers (0_255) into 2 digit hexadecimal numbers and vice versa 2.6.7 Numbers: how to convert from binary to hexadecimal equivalents and vice versa 2.6.8 Numbers: check digits 2.6.9 Characters: the use of binary codes to represent characters 2.6.10 Characters: the term 'character-set' 2.6.11 Characters: the relationship between the number of bits per character in a character set and the number of characters which can be represented ASCII, 2.6.12 Images: how an image is represented as a series of pixels represented in binary 2.6.13 Images: metadata included in the file 2.6.14 Images: the effect of colour depth and resolution on the size of an image file. 2.6.15 Sound: how sound can be sampled and stored in digital form 2.6.16 Sound: how sampling intervals and other factors affect the size of a sound file and the quality of its playback: sample size, 2.6.17 Compression: need for compression 2.6.18 Compression: types of compression: lossy, |